Which factor is NOT included in TDEE calculations?

Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) encompasses all the calories burned throughout the day, which includes several key components. The calculation typically includes Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), which represents the calories needed for basic physiological functions at rest, exercise or physical activity, and the thermic effect of food, which accounts for the energy required for digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients.

Heart rate variability, however, does not factor into TDEE calculations. While heart rate variability is an important indicator of cardiovascular health and autonomic nervous system function, it does not directly contribute to the quantification of energy expenditure. Therefore, it does not fit within the established components typically assessed in TDEE calculations. Understanding these components helps clarify how daily energy needs are determined and managed in nutrition and fitness contexts.